Everything about Novarupta totally explained
Novarupta, meaning "new eruption", is a
volcano located on the
Alaska Peninsula in the
Katmai area, about 290 miles southwest of
Anchorage. Novarupta sits below
Mount Katmai. Its eruption of
June 6–
June 8,
1912, was ten times more powerful than the
1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens and led to the formation of this 841 m (2759 ft) volcano.
The 1912 Novarupta eruption was one of the two largest volcanic eruptions of the 20th century, the other being
Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991. About 15 km³ of volcanic material was ejected over two and a half days. The
1815 eruption of
Tambora however, had displaced about seven times as much material. The
1883 eruption of
Indonesia's
Krakatoa displaced twice as much as Novarupta. Novarupta's 1912 eruption has been rated a 6 on the
Volcanic Explosivity Index.
Magma from underneath the
Mount Katmai area was drained away to Novarupta, resulting in a collapsed 3 × 4 km
caldera.
The
lava dome that formed to plug the vent from which the eruption occurred is what is now referred to as Novarupta.
Pyroclastic ash flow from the eruption formed what was named the
Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes by botanist
Robert F. Griggs, who explored the volcano's aftermath for the
National Geographic Society in
1916.
Katmai National Park and Preserve was formed to protect the area around Novarupta.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Novarupta'.
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